Programming and simulating a workpiece
Example task 1338459
Selecting the Editor operating mode
NC programs are always programmed in the Editor operating mode.
Requirement
- It must be possible to select the icon of the operating mode
In order to be able to select the Editor operating mode, the control must have already progressed enough during booting that the operating mode icon is no longer dimmed.
Selecting the Editor operating mode
To select the Editor operating mode: | ||
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More detailed information
- The Editor operating mode
Creating a new NC program
- The Open File workspace in the Editor operating mode
To create an NC program in the Editor operating mode: | ||
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More detailed information
- The Open File workspace
- The Editor operating mode
Configuring the control's user interface for programming
The Editor operating mode gives you several possibilities for writing an NC program.
The first steps describe the procedure when you are in the Klartext editor mode with the Form column open.
Opening the Form column
You can open the Form column only if an NC program is open.
To open the Form column: | ||
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More detailed information
- Editing an NC program
- The Form column
Defining the workpiece blank
For the NC program you can define a workpiece blank that the control then uses for the simulation. When you create an NC program, the control automatically opens the Insert NC function window for workpiece blank definition.
If you close the window without selecting a workpiece blank, you can use the Insert NC function button to select the workpiece blank definition later.
- The Insert NC function window for workpiece blank definition
Defining a cuboid workpiece blank
- Cuboid workpiece blank with minimum point and maximum point
You define a cuboid through a diagonal in space by entering the minimum point and maximum point relative to the active workpiece preset.
You can confirm the entries as follows:
- ENT key
- Right arrow key
- Click or tap the next syntax element
To define a cuboid workpiece blank: | ||
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- The Form column with the defined columns
NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
0 BEGIN PGM 1338459 MM |
1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 |
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 |
3 END PGM 1338459 MM |
The control’s full range of functions is available only if the Z tool axis is used (e.g., PATTERN DEF).
Restricted use of the tool axes X and Y is possible when prepared and configured by the machine manufacturer.
More detailed information
- Inserting the workpiece blank
- Reference points in the machine
Structure of an NC program
Using a uniform structure for an NC program offers the following advantages:
- Improved overview
- Quicker programming
- Fewer sources of error
Recommended structure for a contouring program
The control automatically inserts the BEGIN PGM and END PGM NC blocks.
- BEGIN PGM with selection of the unit of measure
- Define the workpiece blank
- Call the tool, with the tool axis and the technological data
- Move the tool to a safe position, and switch the spindle on
- Pre-position the tool in the working plane, near the first contour point
- Pre-position the tool in the tool axis, turn coolant on if necessary
- Approach the contour, activate tool radius compensation if necessary
- Machine the contour
- Depart from the contour, turn coolant off
- Move the tool to a safe position
- Conclude the NC program
- END PGM
Contour approach and departure
When you program a contour, you need a starting point and end point outside the contour.
The following positions are necessary for contour approach and departure:
Help graphic | Position |
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Starting point The following preconditions apply for the starting point:
The graphic shows the following information: If you define the starting point to be in the dark gray area, the contour will be damaged when the first contour point is approached. | |
Approaching the starting point in the tool axis Before approaching the first contour point, you must position the tool to the working depth in the tool axis. If there is a danger of collision, approach the starting point in the tool axis separately. | |
First contour point The control moves the tool from the starting point to the first contour point. You need to program tool radius compensation for the tool movement to the first contour point. | |
End point The following preconditions apply for the end point:
The graphic shows the following information: If you define the end point to be in the dark gray area, the contour will be damaged when the end point is approached. | |
Departing from the end point in the tool axis Program the tool axis separately when departing from the end point. | |
Identical starting and end points Do not program any tool radius compensation if the starting point and end point are the same. In order to make sure that the contour will not be damaged, the optimal starting point should lie between the extended tool paths for machining the first and last contour elements. |
More detailed information
- Functions for approaching and departing from the contour
Fundamentals of approach and departure functions
Programming a simple contour
- Workpiece to be programmed
The following texts show you how to mill once at a depth of 5 mm around the contour shown here. You have already defined the workpiece blank.
After you have inserted an NC function, the control shows an explanation about the current syntax element in the dialog bar. You can enter the data directly in the form.
Always write an NC program as if the tool were moving. This makes it irrelevant whether a head axis or a table axis performs the motion.
Calling a tool
- The Form column with the syntax elements of the tool call
To call a tool: | ||
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NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
3 TOOL CALL 16 Z S6500 |
The control’s full range of functions is available only if the Z tool axis is used (e.g., PATTERN DEF).
Restricted use of the tool axes X and Y is possible when prepared and configured by the machine manufacturer.
Move the tool to a safe position
- The Form column with the syntax elements of a straight line
To move the tool to a safe position: | ||
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NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
4 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M3 |
Pre-positioning in the working plane
To pre-position in the working plane: | ||
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NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
5 L X-20 Y-20 FMAX |
Pre-positioning in the tool axis
To pre-position in the tool axis: | ||
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NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
6 L Z-5 F3000 M8 |
Approaching the contour
- Workpiece to be programmed
- The Form column with the syntax elements of an approach function
To approach the contour: | ||
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NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
7 APPR CT X+5 Y+5 CCA90 R+8 RL F700 |
Machining a contour
- Workpiece to be programmed
To machine the contour: | ||
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NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
8 L Y+95 |
9 L X+95 |
10 CHF 10 |
11 L Y+5 |
12 CHF 20 |
13 L X+5 |
Departing from the contour
- The Form column with the syntax elements of a departure function
To depart from the contour: | ||
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NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
14 DEP CT CCA90 R+8 F3000 M9 |
Moving the tool to a safe position
To move the tool to a safe position: | ||
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NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
15 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M30 |
More detailed information
- Tool call
- Line L
- Designation of the axes and the working plane
- Functions for approaching and departing from the contour
- Chamfer CHF
- Miscellaneous functions
Programming a machining cycle
The following texts show you how to mill the circular slot of the example task at a depth of 5 mm. You have already defined the workpiece blank and created the outside contour.
After you have inserted a cycle, you can define the associated values in the cycle parameters. You can program the cycle directly in the Form column.
Calling a tool
To call a tool: | ||
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NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
16 TOOL CALL 6 Z S6500 |
Moving the tool to a safe position
- The Form column with the syntax elements of a straight line
To move the tool to a safe position: | ||
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NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
17 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M3 |
Pre-positioning in the working plane
To pre-position in the working plane: | ||
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NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
18 L X+50 Y+50 FMAX |
Defining a cycle
- The Form column with possibilities for entering cycle information
To define the circular slot: | ||
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NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
19 CYCL DEF 254 CIRCULAR SLOT ~ | ||
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Calling a cycle
To call the cycle: | ||
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NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
20 CYCL CALL |
Moving the tool to a safe position and concluding the NC program
To move the tool to a safe position: | ||
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NC programs contained in this User's Manual are suggestions for solutions. The NC programs or individual NC blocks must be adapted before being used on a machine.
Change the following contents as needed:
- Tools
- Cutting parameters
- Feed rates
- Clearance height or safe position
- Machine-specific positions (e.g., with M91)
- Paths of program calls
Some NC programs depend on the machine kinematics. Adapt these NC programs to your machine kinematics before the first test run.
In addition, test the NC programs using the simulation before the actual program run.
With a program test you determine whether the NC program can be used with the available software options, the active machine kinematics and the current machine configuration.
21 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M30 |
More detailed information
- Working with cycles
Configuring the control's user interface for simulation
In the Editor operating mode you can test NC programs graphically. The control simulates the active NC program in the Program workspace.
In order to simulate the NC program you must open the Simulation workspace.
For the simulation you can close the Form column to get a better view of the NC program and the Simulation workspace.
Opening the Simulation workspace
You can open additional workspaces in the Editor operating mode only if an NC program is open.
To open the Simulation workspace:
- In the application bar, select Workspaces
- Select Simulation
- The control then additionally displays the Simulation workspace.
You can also open the Simulation workspace with the Test Run operating mode key.
Configuring the Simulation workspace
You can simulate the NC program without needing to enter any special settings. However, an adjustment to the simulation speed is recommended for best viewing of the simulation.
To adjust the speed of the simulation:
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If you use different tables, such as tool tables, for program run and the simulation, then you can define the tables in the Simulation workspace.
More detailed information
- The Simulation workspace
Simulating an NC program
You can test the NC program in the Simulation workspace.
Starting the simulation
- The Simulation workspace in the Editor operating mode
To start the simulation: | ||
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Definition
Control-in-operation:
The control uses the Control-in-operation symbol to show the current simulation status in the action bar and on the tab of the NC program:
- White: no movement command
- Green: active machining, axes are moving
- Orange: NC program interrupted
- Red: NC program stopped
More detailed information
- The Simulation workspace